![]() ![]() Stretching of the hamstring muscles may improve knee extension ROM in OA patients. In addition to muscle strengthening exercises, stretching exercises are commonly used to increase ROM and are often prescribed in rehabilitation protocols as part of routine warm-up to prepare the muscles and joints for other types of exercise, such as aerobic and strengthening programs. Exercises strengthen the muscles, reduce pain, improve physical function, and are therefore considered a major intervention in the conservative treatment of patients with knee OA. Because the quadriceps muscle actsĪs shock absorber for the knee joint, weakness in the thigh muscle reduces joint protection, resulting in overload. Through a spinal reflex, the capsular swelling inhibits muscle activation, which, combined with disuse, may cause muscle weakness and atrophy. The synovium is infiltrated with inflammatory cells and secretes excess synovial fluid, leading to capsular swelling. These symptoms lead to functional impairment, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality. Knee OA is associated with symptoms of pain, swelling, instability, and reduced range of motion (ROM). It affects one-third of adults and tends to increase with age. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. This study was registered at the Australian Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN012607000357459). The addition of NMES to exercise did not improve the outcomes assessed in knee OA patients. For the comparison between the groups, no statistically significant difference was found between the NMES + Ex and the Ex groups in NRS (P = 0.52), TUG test (P = 0.12), and aspects of WOMAC: pain (P = 0.26), function (P = 0.23), and stiffness (P = 0.63). Following the interventions, a statistically significant improvement in both groups was observed in all outcomes assessed. ![]() The secondary outcomes used were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Numerical Rating Scale 0 to 10 (NRS) and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test were the primary outcomes. ![]() Participants were randomly assigned to NMES + Ex or Ex group. Patients (N = 100 women = 86, men = 14 age range, 50-75 years) with knee OA. To investigate the effect of 8 weeks of NMES + Ex (neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with exercises) on pain and functional improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared to exercise (Ex) alone. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Kelson Nonato Gomes da Silva,1 Lucas Emmanuel Pedro de Paiva Teixeira,1 Marcelo Ismael Abrahao,1 and Virginia Fernandes Mo^a Trevisani1,3ġ Internal Medicine Department, Federal University of Sao Paulo, 04023-900 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilĢ Human Movement Science Department, Federal University ofSao Paulo, 11060-001 Santos, SP, Brazilģ Medicine Department, Santo Amaro University, 04829-300 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilĬorrespondence should be addressed to Aline Mizusaki Imoto Received 23 April 2013 Revised 10 August 2013 Accepted 12 August 2013 Academic Editor: Jon KarlssonĬopyright © 2013 Aline Mizusaki Imoto et al. Hindawi Publishing Corporation BioMed Research International Volume 2013, Article ID 272018, 7 pages Įffects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Combined with Exercises versus an Exercise Program on the Pain and the Function in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial ![]()
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